76043abf2ebed2c

بررسی اثر برخی باکتری‌های پروبیوتیک گیاهی جدا شده از مناطق شور و خشک در کنترل Phytophthora drechsleri عامل بیماری گموز پسته در شرایط آزمایشگاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر رفسنجان-رفسنجان-ایران

2 عضو هیئت علمی

چکیده

در این مطالعه اثر برخی از باکتری‌های پروبیوتیک گیاهی جداسازی شده از مناطق شور و خشک در کنترل قارچ عامل بیماری گموز پسته و خصوصیات محرک رشدی (PGPR) بررسی شد.200 جدایه باکتریایی از ناحیه ریزوسفر و غیرریزوسفر درختان پسته و علف‌های هرز حاشیه باغات استان کرمان جداسازی شد. تعدا 30 جدایه توانستند حداکثر سطح شوری استفاده شده را تحمل کنند. جدایه‌های منتخب در آزمون القای واکنش فوق حساسیت مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند،. سه جدایه به دلیل مثبت بودن در این آزمون کنار گذاشته شدند و بفیه جدایه‌ها به عنوان عوامل آنتاگونیست بالقوه مورد مطالعه بیشتر قرار گرفتند. در مرحله اول قابلیت بیوکنترلی این جدایه‌ها در مقابل قارچ عامل بیماری گموز پسته Phytophthora drechsleri مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور آزمون ایجاد هاله بازدارنده (آنتی بیوز) به کار گرفته شد. در این آزمون جدایه‌های آنتاگونیست اثر معنی‌داری در مهار رشد قارچ، P. drechsleri از خود نشان دادند. توانایی جدایه‌ها در تولید برخی متابولیت‌های بیوکنترلی از جمله تولید پروتئاز، ترکیبات فرار ضد قارچی و تولید سیانید هیدروژن ارزیابی شد. همچنین خصوصیات محرک رشدی این جدایه‌ها از جمله میزان تولید سیدروفور، تولید اندول و توان حل کنندگی فسفات‌های معدنی نیز اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد از 27 جدایه انتخاب شده برای تعیین صفات محرک رشدی، 80 درصد حداقل دارای یکی از صفات PGPR بودند. 64 درصد از جدایه‌ها مولد سیدروفور، 80 درصد مولد IAA، 45 درصد دارای توانایی حل فسفات‌های نامحلول بودند. جدایه‌های (C16, F47, G11) به عنوان جدایه‌های برتر این مطالعه در شرایط آزمایشگاهی در کنترل بیماری موفق بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


Alexander DB, Zuberer DA (1993) Responses by iron-efficient and inefficient oat cultivars to inoculation with siderophore-producing bacteria in a calcareous soil. Biology andFertility of Soils 16(2): 118-124.
Alippi AM, Perello AE, Sisterna MN, Greco NM, Codo CA (2000) Potential of spore-forming bacteria as biocontrol agent of wheat foliar disease under laboratory and greenhouse condition. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 107: 155-169.
Alström S (1987) Factors associated with detrimental effects of rhizobacteria on plant growth. Plant and Soil 102(1): .3-9.
Antoun H, Beauchamp CJ, Goussard N, Chabot R, Lalande R (1998) Potential of Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium species as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on non-legumes: Effect on radishes (Raphanus sativus L.). Plant and Soil  204: 57-67.
Asaka O, Shoda  M (1996) Biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani damping-off of tomato with Bacillus subtilis RB14. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 62(11): .4081-4085.
Bano A, Fatima M (2009) Salt tolerance in Zea mays (L). following inoculation with Rhizobium and Pseudomonas. Biology and Fertility of Soils 45(4): .405-413.
Bent E, Tuzun S, Chanway CP, Enebak S (2001) Alterations in plant growth and in root hormone levels of lodgepole pines inoculated with rhizobacteria. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 47(9): 793-800.
Boesewinkel HJ (1976) Storage of fungal culture in water. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 66: 183- 185.
Bultreys A, Kaluzna M (2010) Bacterial cankers caused by Pseudomonas syringae on stone fruit species with special emphasis on the pathovars syringae and morsprunorum race 1 and race 2. Journal of Plant Pathology S21-S33.
Castaneda GC, MunozTJJ, Videa JRP (2005) A spectrophotometric method to determine the siderophore production by strains of fluorescent Pseudomonas in the presence of copper and iron Microchemical Journal 81:35-40.
Cattelan AJ, Hartel PG, Fuhrmann JJ (1999) Screening for plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria to promote early soybean growth. Soil Science Society of America Journal 63(6): 1670-1680.
Chantawannakul P, Oncharoen A, Klanbut K, Chukeatirote E, Lumyong S (2002) Characterization of proteases of Bacillus subtilis strain 38 isolated from traditionally fermented soybean in Northern Thailand. Science Asia 28(4): 241-245.
Chen Z, Ma S, Liu LL (2008) Studies on phosphorus solubilizing activity of a strain of phosphobacteria isolated from chestnut type soil in China. Bioresource Technology  99(14): 6702-6707.
Ershad D (1971) Contribultion of phytophthora specios in Iran and their pathogensity. BBA. Belin-Dahlem. 140-87.
Fiddaman PJ, Rossall S  (1993) The production of antifungal volatiles by Bacillus subtilis. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 74: 119-126.
Glick BR, Penrose DM, Li J (1998) A model for the lowering of plant ethylene concentrations by plant growth-promoting bacteria. Journal of Theoretical Biology 190(1): 63-68.
Holmes B, Owen R, McMeekin T (1984) Bergeys Manual of Systematic Bacteriology.
Howell CR, Stipanovic RD (1979) Control of Rhizoctonia solani on cotton seedlings with Pseudomonas fluorescens and with antibiotic produced by the bacterium. Phytopathology  69: 480- 482.
Keel C, Défago G (1997) Interactions between beneficial soil bacteria and root pathogens: mechanisms and ecological impact. In: AC, Gange VK. Brown (Ed.): Multitrophic interaction in terrestrial system. Oxford. Blackwell Science: 24-47.
Leong J (1986) Siderophore their biochemistry and possible role in the biocontrol of plant pathogens. Annual Review Journal of Phytopathology 24: 187-209.
Leoni L, Ambrosi C, Petrucca A, Visca P (2002) Transcriptional regulation of pseudobactin synthesis in the plant growth-promothing Pseudomonas B10. FEMS Microbiology Letters 208: 219-225.
Li J, Yang Q, Zhao LH, Zhang SM, Wang YX, Zhao XY (2009) Purification and characterization of a novel antifungal protein from Bacillus subtilis strain B29. Journal of Zhejiang University Science Biologia 10(4): 264-272.
Liu H, He Y, Jiang H, Peng H, Huang X, Zhang X, Thomashow LS, Xu Y (2007) Characterization of a Phenazine- Producing Strain Pseudomonas chlororaphis GP72 with broad-spectrum antifungal activity from green pepper rhizosphere. Current Microbiology 54:302−306
Liu Y, Chen Z, Ng TB, Zhang J, Zhou M, Song F, Lu F, Liu Y (2007) Bacisubin, an antifungal protein with ribonuclease and hemagglutinating activities from Bacillus subtilis strain B-916. Peptides 28(3): 553-559.
Mangmang JS, Deaker R, Rogers G (2015) Early seedling growth response of lettuce, tomato and cucumber to Azospirillum brasilense inoculated by soaking and drenching. Horticultural Science 42(1): 37-46.
Meyer JA, Abdallah MA (1978) The fluorescent pigment of Pseudomonas fluorescens: biosynthesis. purification and physicochemical properties. Microbiology 107(2): .319-328.
Michel BE, Kaufmann MR (1973) The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiology 51(5): 914-916.
Milagres AM, Machuca A, Napoleao D  (1999) Detection of siderophore production from several fungi and bacteria by a modification of chrome azurol S (CAS) agar plate assay. Journal of Microbiological Methods 37(1):  1-6.
Mirabal Fattahi M (1366) Evaluation of crown and root rot disease of pistachio trees. Master's thesis. Department of Plant Protection. Faculty of Agriculture. University of Tehran.
Mohite B (2013) Isolation and characterization of indole acetic acid (IAA) producing bacteria from rhizospheric soil and its effect on plant growth. Journal of Soil Science and plant Nutrition 13(3): 638-649.
Ogawa JM, English H (1991) Diseases of temperate zone tree fruit and nut crop. University of California. Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 461.
O'Sullivan M, Stephens PM, O'Gara F (1991) Extracellular protease production by fluorescent Pseudomonas SPP and the colonization of sugarbeet roots and soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 23(7): 623-627.
Panjehkeh N, Saberyan A, Azad HA, Salari M ( 2011) Biological control of Phoma lingam. the causal agent of rapeseed blackleg by Trichoderma and Bacillus subtilis isolates. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, 47(1).
Picard C, Cello I, Ventura M, Fani  R, Guckert A (2000) Frequency and biodiversity of 2,4-diacetyphloroglucinol production bacteria isolated from the maize rhizosphere at different stages of plant growth. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66:948-955.
Rashid M, Khalil S, Ayub N, Alam S, Latif  F (2004) Organic acids production and phosphate solubilization by phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSM) under in vitro conditions. Journal Biologi Science 7(2): 187-196.
Saravanakumar D, samiyappan R (2007) ACC deaminase from Pseudomonas fluorescens mediated saline resistance in groundnut (Arechis hypogea). Journal of Applied Microbiology 102: 1283-1292.
Sarcheshmehpour M, Sovaghibi G, Saleh Rastin N, AliKhani H, Pourbaba'i A (2009). Isolation, Screening, Relative Detection and Tolerance Determination to Salinity and Drought stress in the Superior isolates of plant growth promoting rhizobacter (PGPR) of Pistachio Trees. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, Volume 40, Issue 2, Pages 177-190. (In persion).
Schaad NW, Jones JB, Chun W (2001)  Laboratory guide for the identification of plant pathogenic bacteria (No. Ed. 3). American Phytopathological Society (APS Press).
Soleimani R, Tofighi H, Alikhani H (2015) The effect of drought and salinity tensions on IAA production in isolated bacteria from saline and saline-sodic soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 37: 186-198.
Swadling IR, Jeffries P (1996) Isolation of microbial antagonists for biocontrol of grey mould disease of strawberries.Biocontrol Science and Technology  6(1): 125-136.
Tilak KVBR, Reddy BS (2006)  Bacillus cereus and B. circulans–novel inoculants for crops. Current science, 90(5): 642-644.
Vanc CP, UhdeStone C, Allan DL (2003) Phosphorus acquisition and use: critical adaptations by plants for securing a nonrenewable resource. New Phytologist 157(3): 423-447.
Visca P, Imperi F, Lamont IL (2007) Pyoverdine siderophores: from biogenesis to biosignificance. Trends in Microbiology 15(1): 22-30.
Weller DM (1988) Biological Control of Soilborne Plant Pathogens in the Rhizosphere with Bacteria. Annual Review of Phytopathology 26: 379-407.
Xiao R, Kisaalita WS (1998) fluorescent Pseudomonas pyoverdines bind and oxidize ferrous ion. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64(4): 1472-1476.