ارزیابی اثر ضد باکتریایی عصاره‌‌های گیاهی علیه باکتری Erwinia amylovora و نقش آنها در اِلقای مقاومت در گلابی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

در پژوهش حاضر اثرات ضد باکتریایی عصاره اتانولی هفت گیاه دارویی اَفسنطین، بابونه، زیره سبز، بادرنجبویه، آنغوزه، عرعر و اُکالیپتوس علیه باکتری Erwinia amylovora مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. آزمون بیماری‌زایی جدایه‌ها بر روی میوه نارس گلابی رقم اسپادونا انجام شد و بیماری‌زا‌ترین جدایه جهت ادامه آزمایش‌ها انتخاب گردید. حساسیت جدایه منتخب به دو ترکیب مسی و پنج آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ سنجیده شد. اثر ضد باکتریایی عصاره‌ها در سه غلظت مختلف با استفاده از روش انتشار دیسک مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. جهت بررسی اثر هم‌افزایی با ترکیبات مسی از عصاره‌ی گیاه بادرنجبویه که دارای بیشترین اثر ضد باکتریایی بود استفاده شد. همچنین نقش عصاره گیاه بادرنجبویه در القای مقاومت، بر روی نهال گلابی رقم اسپادونا بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد عصاره بادرنجبویه با میانگین قطر هاله بازدارنده 66/15 میلیمتر دارای بیشترین اثر ضد باکتریایی بر روی جدایه‌ GA3 بود. عصاره گیاهان بابونه و عرعر در تمامی غلظت‌های بکار برده شده فاقد اثر کُشندگی بودند. همچنین نتایج نشان از عدم تاثیر هم‌افزایی عصاره بادرنجبویه و ترکیبات مسی مورد آزمایش داشت. نتایج اثرات القای مقاومت در گیاه توسط عصاره باردنجبویه مثبت ارزیابی شد. بررسی آنزیم آنتی‌اُکسیدانتی گایاکول پراکسیداز در هفت زمان‌ مورد بررسی بیانگر افزایش سطح این آنزیم در 24 ساعات اولیه نسبت به شاهد و تیمار باکتری بود. نتایج این تحقیق میتواند راهکارهای جدیدی را در تحقیقات آینده به منظور کنترل بیماری آتشک درختان میوه دانه دار، از طریق استفاده از مواد موثره گیاهان دارویی ارایه دهد.

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موضوعات


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