ارزیابی اثر بیوپرایمینگ بذر بر کنترل زیستی بیماری لکه برگی گوجه فرنگی و فاکتورهای رشدی گیاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 هیات علمی گروه گیاه پزشکی دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

بیماری لکه‌برگی باکتریایی گوجه‌فرنگی ناشی از باکتری Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae یکی از عوامل مشکل‌ساز مهم برای تولید این محصول در گلخانه و مزرعه است. در این مطالعه، تاثیر سویه‌هایی از ریزوباکتری‌های پروبیوتیک بر شاخص‌های بذر، فاکتورهای رشدی گیاه و کنترل بیولوژیک عامل بیماری لکه برگی سیرینگایی گوجه‌فرنگی در آزمایشگاه و گلخانه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. باکتری‌های بیماری‌زا و پروبیوتیک از مزارع گوجه‌فرنگی استان آذربایجان‌غربی جداسازی شدند. شناسایی ریزوباکتری‌های مفید با استفاده از روش‌های فنوتیپی و مولکولی انجام شد. توانایی 21 سویه ریزوباکتری منتخب از گونه‌های Bacillus subtilis و Pseudomonas fluorescens در تولید متابولیت‌های ثانویه با استفاده از روش‌های نقطه‌گذاری سوسپانسیون فیلتر شده و قرار دادن باکتری پروبیوتیک در چاهک ارزیابی شد. همچنین سویه‌ها از نظر تولید آنزیم‌های لیپاز، پروتئاز و پروتئاز قلیایی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. سویه‌های ریزوباکتری در هر دو روش موجب کاهش رشد باکتری بیماری‌زا در آزمایشگاه شدند و آنزیم‌های هیدرولیتیک توسط کلیه سویه‌ها تولید شدند. برخی از سویه‌های باکتری موجب افزایش درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی بذرهای گوجه‌فرنگی شدند. در گلخانه، سویه‌های منتخب باعث افزایش فاکتورهای رشدی گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی شدند. بیشترین تاثیر در مورد سویه‌های Pf23 و Bs11 دیده شد. باکتری‌های پروبیوتیک موجب کاهش بیماری بین 25 و 25/81 درصد نسبت به شاهد شدند. در گلخانه سویه Bs11 با 25/81% و سویه‌هایBs6 و Pf23 با 50/61% کاهش بیماری نسبت به شاهد، بیشترین تاثیر را در کاهش لکه‌های ایجاد شده روی برگ نشان دادند. سویه‌های Bs11 و Pf23 به عنوان سویه‌های برتر این مطالعه در تاثیر روی فاکتورهای رشدی گیاه و کاهش بیماری لکه‌برگی سیرینگایی گوجه‌فرنگی انتخاب شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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