ارزیابی توان استرپتومیست‏های ریزوسفر گوجه‏فرنگی در کنترل قارچ بیمارگر Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

پوسیدگی ریشه و طوقه گوجه‏فرنگی با عامل Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) یکی از بیماری‌های مهم خاکزاد گوجه‏فرنگی به‏حساب می‏آید. در این پژوهش 740 جدایه اکتینوباکتری‏‏ از مزارع گوجه‏فرنگی مناطق مختلف استان­های فارس و البرز جمع­آوری گردید. آزمون‏های آنزیمی انجام گرفته حاکی از تولید آنزیم‌ پروتئاز و توانایی تولید سیدروفور در تمامی جدایه‌ها بود. محیط کشت فیلتر شده جدایه UTS49 به‏عنوان جدایه برتر با جمعیت 108 × 3 به میزان 94 درصد از جوانه‌زنی اسپور قارچ بیمارگر جلوگیری کرد. بیشترین میزان تشکیل بیوفیلم باکتریایی مربوط به جدایه‏های UTS385، UTS10 و UTS49 بود. در بررسی‌های گلخانه‌ایجدایه UTS49 موجب کاهش علائم بیماری به میزان 75 درصد شد. بررسی جمعیت جدایه UTS49 در ریزوسفر خیار و گوجه‏فرنگی، بیانگر توان این جدایهدر کلنیزاسیون قوی و پایدار است. بر اساس آزمون‌های فوق جدایه UTS49به‏عنوان بهترین جدایه در کنترل بیماری پوسیدگی ریشه و طوقه گوجه‏فرنگی مشخص شد. با توجه به آزمونهای بیوشیمیایی و توالی rDNA 16s، این جدایه Streptomyces carpaticusشناسایی و معرفی گردید.

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