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اثر ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف گیاه کلزا بر برخی پارامتر‌‌های زیستی زنبور پارازیتویید Diaeretiella rapae (Hymenoptera: Braconodae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

2 دانشیار، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

3 استادیار، گروه تنوع زیستی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان

چکیده

شتة مومی‌ کلم Brevicoryne brassicae از آفات مهم کلزا در جهان است و پارازیتویید Diaeretiella rapae از مهم‌ترین دشمنان طبیعی آن می‌باشد. در این پژوهش، طول دوره‌های مختلف رشدی، درصد مومیایی‌های تولید‌شده، درصد افراد کامل و نسبت جنسی پارازیتویید روی سه ژنوتیپ مختلف کلزا شامل Okapi، Licord و Hyola401 بررسی‌شد (دمای 1±25 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±60 درصد و دوره نوری 16:8 ساعت (روشنایی: تاریکی)). نتایج نشان داد که طول دورة تخمریزی تا تشکیل مومیایی زنبور در Okapi (05/0±96/3) با ژنوتیپ‌های Licord (01/0±57/4) و Hyola401 (04/0±72/4) تفاوت معنی‌دار داشت. Okapi باعث کاهش طول دورة تخمریزی تا ظهور حشره کامل در هر دو جنس نر (11/0±91/7) و ماده (10/0±02/8) شد. به‌طور معنی‌دار، بیشترین درصد مومیایی تولید‌شده روی Okapi(81/6±60/89) نسبت به Licord(21/5±20/66) و Hyola401 (64/3±10/59) مشاهده شد. نسبت جنسی روی ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف تفاوت معنی‌دار نشان نداد. کوتاه‌ترین طول دورة نابالغ نیز روی ژنوتیپ Okapi اتفاق افتاد. ژنوتیپ Okapi می‌تواند کارایی زنبوررا در کنترل شته نسبت به دو ژنوتیپ دیگر ‌افزایش دهد. کاربرد روش کنترل بیولوژیک ازدیادی با استفاده از پارازیتویید D. rapaeدر مزارع زیر کشت Okapi و همچنین تولید انبوه پارازیتویید مذکور با استفاده از این ژنوتیپ در برنامه‌های مدیریت تلفیقی آفات پیشنهاد می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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