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اثر ورمی‌کمپوست و Glomus versiform بر کنترل قارچ Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici در گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت

2 استادیار، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت

3 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد علوم باغبانی، دانشکده، کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

4 دانشجوی دکتری علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

این مطالعه به‌منظور بررسی اثر ورمی‌کمپوست و قارچ میکوریز Glomus versiform جهت کنترل Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici در گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی انجام شد. بذور گوجه‌فرنگی در بسترهای حاوی: خاک استریل (شاهد)، قارچ G. Versiform(G)، ورمی‌کمپوست ‌(V)، ترکیب Glomus + ورمی‌کمپوست (V+G) در جعبه نشا کشت شدند. پنج هفته بعد ریشه‌های گیاه در سوسپانسیون اسپور قارچ F. oxysporum و آب، تیمار و به گلدان منتقل شدند. در پایان آزمایش، نشانه‌های بیماری‌زایی، شاخص‌های رشدی، بهبود جذب عناصر ماکرو، میزان کلروفیل برگ‌ها و درصد کلنیزه شدن ریشه‌ها ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد استفاده از ترکیب (V+G) مؤثرتر از کاربرد هرکدام به‌تنهایی بود. تیمار گیاهان آلوده به پاتوژن با ترکیب مذکور وقوع زردی برگ‌ها را به‌طور معنی‌داری تا ۳/۱۷ درصد کاهش داد و در مقابل تیمار شاهد آلوده ۶/۶۸ درصد ارزیابی شد. همچنین با توجه به نتایج کلنیزه شدن ریشه‌ها توسط قارچ G. versiform، تیمار V+G+F- با افزایش ۲۳ درصدی بهبود یافت. در حالت آلودگی با قارچ F. oxysporum کمترین مقدار کلروفیل در تیمار شاهد ۱۲ (عدد  SPAD) تخمین زده شد درحالی‌که در تیمار V+G به مقدار ۳۰ افزایش یافت. همچنین بیشترین میزان جذب عناصر N، P، K در تیمار گیاه با V+G حاصل شد. بر اساس یافته‌های این مطالعه، کاربرد (V+G) در کنترل بیماری فوزاریومی گوجه‌فرنگی علاوه بر بهبود رشد و سلامت گیاه، در کنترل بیمارگر مذکور قابل توصیه می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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