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کارایی باکتریهای اندوفیت خیار در کنترل نماتد Meloidogyne javanica در شرایط آزمایشگاه و گلخانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشنا‏سی‏ ارشد، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استاد، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

در‍حال‍حاضر، نماتد ریشه‍گرهیMeloidogyne javanica به‍عنوان یک معضل مهم در گلخانه‍های خیار کشور مطرح است. در بررسی‍حاضر جهت کنترل بیولوژیک نماتد ریشه‍گرهی از باکتری‍های اندوفیت استفاده گردید. تعداد 70 جدایه باکتری از ریشه خیار مزارع و گلخانه‍های استان خراسان رضوی جداسازی شدند. براساس نتایج آزمایشات سنجش‍زیستی، هفت جدایه که بیشترین درصد مرگ‍و‍میر لارو سن‍دوم و عدم‍تفریخ تخم نماتد  javanica .M را نشان دادند، به‍عنوان جدایه منتخب، از نظر توانایی‍کاهش شاخص‍های بیماریزایی در گیاه خیار مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. جدایه‌هایFm1، Em1 و Y15 به‍طور قابل‍توجهی در کاهش تعداد تخم، گال و لارو سن‍دوم در ریشه‍های خیار آلوده، مثبت ارزیابی شدند. پایین‍ترین شاخص گال، در‍ کاربرد این سه جدایه در مقایسه با شاهد آلوده‍ به ‍نماتد، مشخص‍گردید. برپایه توالی‍‍یابی ناحیه ‍rDNA 16S، دو جدایه منتخب Fm1 و Em1 در آزمون‍های گلخانه‍ای، متعلق به گونه Pseudomonas rhodesiae و جدایه Y15 متعلق به گونه Acinetobacter sp. می‍باشند. بر‍اساس نتایج بررسی‍حاضر، به‍نظر می‍رسد که جدایه‌های Em1 و Fm1 و Y15 گزینه‍های مناسبی جهت تحقیقات بیشتر در زمینه کنترل نماتد ریشه‍گرهی در شرایط طبیعی باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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