کاربرد قارچ Glomus mosseae و بقایای سبز کلم قمری در کنترل نماتد Meloidogyne javanica روی گوجه‌فرنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت

2 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت

3 مربی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت

چکیده

نماتدهای ریشه گرهی از نظر اقتصادی از بیمارگرهای مهم گیاهی در جهان محسوب می‌شوند. استفاده از عوامل کنترل زیستی معمولاً با ثبات‌تر و امن برای محیط زیست هستند. در این پژوهش اثر قارچ Glomus mosseae (Gm) و بقایای کلم قمری (Brassica oleracea) و ترکیب آنها روی کنترل نماتد مولد ریشه گرهی گوجه‌فرنگی Meloidogyne javanica در شرایط گلخانه‌ای مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. به منظور ترکیب تیمارها، نشاهای گوجه‌فرنگی کلنیزه شده توسط قارچ ریشه به گلدان­های حاوی بقایای کلم قمری در مقادیر نیم و یک درصد منتقل گردید و تلقیح و آلوده‌سازی تمامی تیمارها با نماتد بعد از یک هفته انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد ترکیب قارچ ریشه Gm + 1% کلم، به‌طور معنی‌داری (05/0P<) باعث افزایش شاخص‌های رشدی گیاه  و کاهش زادولد نماتد (با مقدار لگاریتم 95/4) شد. مقایسه کاربرد هر یک از این عوامل به تنهایی در کنترل نماتد ریشه گرهی نشان داد که عملکرد بقایای کلم بهتر از قارچ Gm بوده و شاخص‌های رشدی را افزایش داده است. در مجموع می‌توان تولید نشا‌هایی همراه با ریشه کلنیزه شده با G. mosseae و نیز اصلاح خاک با بقایای کلم، جهت کنترل این نماتد به منظور کاهش کود و سموم شیمیایی در کشاورزی پایدار را پیشنهاد کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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