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بررسی کارایی ترکیبات آلی فرّار Trichoderma asperellum در کنترل Botrytis cinerea، عامل کپک خاکستری توت‌فرنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

2 دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

3 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه

چکیده

این مطالعه، به­منظور تعیین کارایی ترکیبات آلی فرّار Trichoderma asperellum، در بازداری از رشد میسلیوم و جوانه­زنی کنیدیوم Botrytis cinerea و کنترل پوسیدگی بوتریتیسی میوه توت‌فرنگی صورت گرفت. کاهش معنی­داری در قطر پرگنه، درصد جوانه­زنی کنیدیوم و طول لوله­های تندشی B. cinerea در تیمارهای درمعرض ترکیبات آلی فرّار کشت پنج روزه T. asperellum نسبت به شاهد مشاهده شد. ترکیبات آلی فرّار تولید شده از محیط کشت­های پنج روزه T. asperellum، وقوع و شدت بیماری پوسیدگی بوتریتیسی میوه توت‌فرنگی را نیز به­میزان معنی­داری کاهش دادند. الگوی ترکیبات آلی فرّار T. asperellum، با استفاده از تکنیک ریزاستخراج از فاز جامد همراه با کروماتوگرافی گازی-طیف سنجی جرمی (SPME-GC-MS) شناسایی شد. از میان 34 ترکیب آلی فرّار شناسایی شده در این الگو، شش ترکیب شامل ایزوبوتیریک اسید، 1، 3، 5، 7-سیکلواکتاتترائن، دی متیل سولفید، پارا-منتا-6، 8، دین-2-ال-استات، فنیل اتیل الکل و 1-بوتانول-3-متیل-استات، فراوان­ترین بودند. ترکیبات سنتز شده ایزوبوتیریک اسید و دی متیل سولفید به ترتیب با غلظت بازدارندگی %50 (IC50) 5/26 و 10 میکرولیتر بر لیتر، بیشترین تأثیر را در بازداری از رشد میسلیوم و جوانه­زنی کنیدیوم B. cinerea داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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