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تأثیر گیاه میزبان بر کشندگی قارچ Beauveria bassiana روی کنه تارتن دولکه‌ای، Tetranychus urticae و سن شکارگر Orius niger

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

2 استاد، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

3 استاد، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی گیاه میزبان می­تواند برکشندگی عوامل کنترل میکروبی روی آفت هدف و دشمنان طبیعی آن تأثیرگذار باشد. در پژوهش حاضر، کشندگی جدایه TV از قارچ B. bassiana در غلظت 107 کنیدی در میلی­لیتر با برج پاشش علیه کنه­های ماده بالغ روی گوجه­فرنگی، خیار و توت­فرنگی هرکدام در پنج تکرار مورد بررسی قرارگرفت. شاهد نیز با همان شرایط بدون پاشش قارچ در نظر گرفته شد. در مرحله بعدی، حساسیت سن شکارگر O. niger به قارچ بیمارگر با غلظت 107 کنیدی در میلی­لیتر با پاشش روی ماده‌های بالغ و پوره‌های سن پنجم هر کدام در پنج تکرار روی این سه گیاه تعیین شد. اجرای هر دو گروه از آزمون­ها برمبنای طرح کاملاً تصادفی بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که کاربرد قارچ روی کنه T. urticae تحت تأثیر سه گیاه دارای اختلاف معنی‌دار است. به طوری که بیمارگری قارچ روی گیاه خیار با میانگین 63 درصد برای کنه­ها بیش‌تر از تلفات ایجادشده روی گوجه­فرنگی با میانگین مرگ 57 درصد می­باشد. میانگین درصد مرگ­ومیر ایجادشده روی توت‌فرنگی (50 درصد) نسبت به دو گیاه دیگر به طور معنی­داری کمتر بود. تجزیه واریانس داده­ها نشان داد که اثر همان سه گیاه میزبان بر میزان کشندگی قارچ روی افراد بالغ سن شکارگر و پوره­های سن پنجم با هم اختلاف معنی‌دار ندارند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد، جدایه مورد استفاده، توانایی کشندگی خوبی روی جمعیت کنه داشته و نیز حصول نتیجه کنترلی مناسب قارچ علیه یک آفت روی یک گیاه میزبان، لزوماً به منزله اثربخشی آن عامل علیه همان گونه هدف روی گیاه دیگر نیست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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