تأثیر کود‌های زیستی در مقاومت خیار گلخانه‌ای به بیماری مرگ گیاهچه ناشی از Pythium aphanidermatum و افزایش اجزای عملکرد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم، دانشگاه یزد

2 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه زابل

چکیده

بیماری مرگ ‌گیاهچۀ خیار Pythium aphanidermatum یکی از بیماری‌های زیانبار خیار است. در این تحقیق، تأثیر سه کود زیستی (بیولوژیک) شامل: نیتروکسین، قارچ‌ریشه (میکوریز) و ورمی‌کمپوست به‌صورت تنها و تلفیق، در القای مقاومت و افزایش اجزای عملکرد خیار گلخانه‌ای (ES-2862) آلوده به بیماری مرگ گیاهچه بررسی شد. این آزمایش در شرایط گلخانه و در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. نتایج بررسی شدت بیماریزایی نشان داد که تیمار ورمی‌کمپوست + قارچ‌ریشه+ نیتروکسین (37درصد) و تیمار ورمی‌کمپوست + نیتروکسین (73درصد) به­ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین تأثیر را در کاهش شدت بیماری دارند. تیمار مربوط به مخلوط سه کود بیشترین تأثیر را در افزایش اجزای عملکرد خیار داشت، درحالی‌که قارچ‌ریشه به‌تنهایی کمترین تأثیر را در اغلب صفات نشان داد. بررسی میزان تغییرپذیری ژن‌های Cupi4 و Chitinase با روش qRT-PCR نشان داد که بیان این دو ژن، تحت تأثیر تیمارها قرارگرفته و برای ژن Cupi4 (65/23) تیمار مخلوط سه کود و برای ژن Chitinase (45/2) تیمار قارچ‌ریشه، بیشترین تأثیر را در الگوی بیان ژن نشان داد. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، چنین نتیجه‌گیری می‌شود که از این کودها می‌توان به‌عنوان عامل‌های بیوکنترل در برابر عامل‌های بیمارگر قارچی استفاده کرد.

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