کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی

کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی

مطالعه فنوتیپی و ژنوتیپی Pseudomonas fluorescens جدایه PGU0 و ارزیابی توانایی بیوکنترلی آن علیه Rhizoctonia solani عامل مرگ گیاهچه لوبیا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
فاطمه جمالی
فرشته بیات
استادیار گروه اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدة کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه خلیج‌فارس بوشهر
10.22059/jbioc.2015.54875
چکیده
سودوموناس‌های فلورسنت مولد آنتی‌بیوتیک 2 و 4ـ دی استیل فلورو گلوسینول(DAPG)  برای استفاده به‌عنوان عوامل بیوکنترل، در سراسر دنیا، به‌خوبی مطالعه شده‌اند. استرین Pseudomonas fluorescens PGU0 از ریزوسفر آفتابگردان در استان بوشهر جداسازی شد. آزمون کشت متقابل مشخص کرد که این استرین در شرایط درون‌شیشه‌ای فعالیت آنتاگونیستی علیه قارچ Rhizoctonia solani روی محیط‌های کشت مختلف را دارد و در شرایط اتاقک رشد نیز موجب کاهش شدت بیماری (52 درصد) و افزایش وزن خشک گیاهچه‌های آلودة لوبیا (80 درصد) می‌شود. واکنش زنجیره‌ای پلیمراز با پرایمرهای اختصاصی، وجود ژن‌های کلیدی (phlD، hcnBC و pltB) دخیل در بیوسنتز متابولیت‌های ضد میکروبی، به‌ترتیب،Phl ، پایولوتورین (PLT) و سیانید ‌هیدروژن (HCN) را مشخص کرد. تولید آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها با کروماتوگرافی مایع با کارایی بالا (HPLC) بررسی و مشخص شد این باکتری توانایی تولید آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های DAPG و PLT را دارد. همچنین، تولید سیانید ‌هیدروژن و سیدروفور در شرایط آزمایشگاهی توسط این باکتری به اثبات رسید. آنالیز فیلوژنتیکی 16S rDNA شباهت این استرین را با سایر استرین‌های بیوکنترل مهم دنیا اثبات کرد که می‌توانند متابولیت‌های ضد میکروبی نظیر Phl و Plt را تولید کنند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
بیوکنترل
پایولوتورین
سیانید ‌هیدروژن
2 و 4 ـ دی استیل فلورو گلوسینول
موضوعات
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کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی
دوره 4، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
بهار و تابستان
فروردین 1394
صفحه 37-46