ارزیابی میزان مهار زیستی Rhizoctonia solani در گیاه پنبه با جدایه‌های Pseudomonas fluorescens

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان

2 استادیار، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان

3 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان

چکیده

باکتری‌های ریزوسفری محرک رشد، جایگزینی مناسب برای سموم شیمیایی در کنترل بیمارگر‌ها به‌خصوص بیمارگر‌های خاکزاد هستند. Rhizoctonia solani یکی از قارچ‌های مهم بیماریزای خاکزی است که خسارات جدی به محصولات کشاورزی وارد می‌کند. در این پژوهش، میزان بازدارندگی از رشد بیمارگر با جدایه‌های سودوموناس در شرایط آزمایشگاه بررسی شد. جدایه‌های باکتری از لحاظ تولید اکسین، انحلال فسفر، تولید سیدروفور، تولید آنزیم 1ـ آمینوسیکلوپروپان 1ـ کربوکسیلیک اسید (ACC) د ـ آمیناز و ردیابی ژن phlD غربال شدند. از بین جدایه‌های مورد مطالعه 20 جدایه از لحاظ میزان بازدارندگی برای مطالعات بعدی انتخاب شدند که از میان آن‌ها جدایه‌های 139، 33 و 137 بیشترین میزان تولید اکسین و توانایی حل فسفات را داشتند. میان انحلال فسفات و کاهش pH به سمت اسیدی، همبستگی مشاهده شد. از بین جدایه‌ها، 6 جدایه که تولید اکسین بالاتری داشتند و در شرایط آزمایشگاه توانایی خوبی در بازدارندگی از رشد R. solani نشان دادند، برای بررسی توانایی تولید آنزیم  ACCد ـ آمیناز انتخاب شدند. هر 6 جدایه توان تولید آنزیم  ACCد ـ آمیناز را داشتند. ژن phlD که در مسیر بیوسنتز آنتی‌بیوتیک 2ـ 4 دی‌استیل‌ فلورو گلوسینول نقش کلیدی دارد، در جدایه‌های159 ،139 ،137 ، CHA0 و 58A ردیابی شد. با توجه به خصوصیات جدایه‌ها، 5 جدایة کارآمد برای آزمایش‌های گلخانه‌ای انتخاب شد‌ند. در آزمایش‌های گلخانه‌ای، هر 5 جدایه به‌طور معنی‌داری (p ) بیماری را کنترل کردند که بیشترین کنترل‌کنندگی مربوط به جدایة 137 بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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