Evaluating Antibacterial Effect of Plant Extracts Against Erwinia amylovora and their Role in Resistance Induction in Pear

Document Type : Complete paper

Authors

Dept. Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

Abstract

In the present study, antimicrobial effects of the ethanolic herbal extracts of seven medicinal plants including Absinthe, Chamomile, Cumin, Asafoetida, Gum tree, Balm and Tree of heaven against Erwinia amylovora bacterium were investigated. Virulence assay of the bacterial isolates on the immature pear fruit of the Spadona pear cultivar was performed, and the most pathogenic bacterium isolate was selected for further evaluation. Sensitivity of the selected isolate to two copper compounds and five antibiotics was examined. Antibacterial properties were assessed at three concentrations using the disk-diffusion method. To investigate the synergistic effect of the plant extract with copper compounds, the extract of Balm, which have been indicated maximum antibactericidal effect was used. The Balm plant extract was also tested on the seedling of Spadona pear. The ethanolic extract of Balm had the most significant antibacterial effects with the mean inhibition zone diameter of 15.66 mm against the GA3 isolate. The bactericidal effects were not exerted by Chamomile and Heaven tree. Moreover, the results indicated no synergistic effects in the plant extracts of Balm and the tested copper compounds. Our results demonstrated the positive stimulating effects of the plant resistance system by the Balm extract. Evaluation of guaiacol peroxidase at seven different intervals indicated the elevated level of GPX within the first 24 hours compared to the control and bacterial treatment. The results of this research can introduce novel suggestions for future researches in order to control fire blight disease of pome fruit trees via using active components of medicinal plants.

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References

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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PESTS AND PLANT DISEASES
Volume 7, Issue 2
December 2018
Pages 31-47

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