The effect of several antagonistic fungi isolate on biological control of tea root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus loosi)

Document Type : Complete paper

Authors

1 Plant protection

2 Plant Pathology Assistant Professor, Tea Research Center, Horticultural Science Research Institute, AREEO, Lahijan, Iran.

3 Plant Pathology Assistant Professor, Department of plant protection, College of Agriculture and Natural resources, Razi University, Kermanshah.

4 Plant Breeding Assistant Professor, Tea Research Center, Horticultural Science Research Institute, AREEO, Lahijan, Iran.

Abstract

Currently, the management of the struggle against tea root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus loosi) based on biological control is one of the research priorities in tea product. In this research, after sampling the soil and root of tea bushes in tea cultivated areas included Guilan and Mazandaran provinces during the spring and summer of 2013, fungi were isolated from tea rhizosphere soil area. The fungi tested included Paecilomyces lilacinus (T1), P. lilacinus (N1, N3), Fusarium culmurom, Clonostachys rosea and Acremonium strictum. After identifying, purifying of strains and performing experiments related to the fungi antagonistic under laboratory conditions (Czapek-Dox 3.34% and malt 1.5% as culture filtrates). Results showed that in Czapek-Dox culture, P. lilacinus (T1) fungi deactivated 52.01% of P. loosi juveniles after 72 hours and this strain didn’t show significant effect on adult mortality. In malt culture,
P. lilacinus (T1) fungi deactivated juveniles and adult 32.41% and 30.54%, respectively. In greenhouse condition, antagonistic experiments were carried out in three modes of fungi and nematode inoculation simultaneously, fungi inoculation and two weeks later nematode inoculation and nematode inoculation and two weeks later fungi inoculation. The results showed that if C. rosea inoculated two weeks before nematode inoculation, it could be considerable effect on some indices such as total seedling weight, root fresh weight, root volume and nematode populations in root and soil in comparison with other strains.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Anastasiadis IA, Giannakou IQ, Prophetou-Athanasiadou DA, Gowen SR (2008) The combined effect of the application of a biocontrol agent Paecilomyces lilacinus, with various practices for the control of root-knot nematodes. Crop Protection (27): 352-361.
Baker E, Elad Y, Chet I (1984) The controlled experiment in the scientific method with special emphasis on biological control. Phytopathology (74): 1019-1021.
Bagheri M, Seraji A (2012) Control of tea root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus loosi, by manure, dolomite and rugbi in greenhouse. In: Proceeding of the twentieth Congress of Iranian Plant Protection, 26-29 August, Shiraz, Iran, 689. (in persian).
Carling LE, Sumner DR (1992) Rhizoctonia. In: L. L., Singleton; J. D. Mihail and C. M., Rush (eds.), Methods for research on soil borne phytopathogentic fungi. APS Press, USA.
Castillo P, Vovlas N (2007) Pratylenchus (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae): Diagnosis, biology, pathogenicity and management. Nematology Monographs and Perspectives (6):1-530.
Castro JMC, Lima RD, Ferraz S, Neves JCL (2000) Capacidade de predacao de Arthrobotrys musiformis a fitonematoides. Phytopathologica (26): 58-62.
Cayrol JC, Djian C, Pijarowaski L (1989) Study of the nematicidal properties of the culture filtrate of nematophagous fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus. Nematology 12 (4): 331-336.
Chavooshi Sani M, Jamali S, Taheri H, Khodaparast A (2014) Biological control of nematode citrus (Tylenchulus semipenetrans) with antagonistic fungi. Plant Protection (Journal of Agriculture) 36 (1): 75-89. (in persian).
Chen S, Dickson WD (2004). Biological control of nematodes by fungal antagonists. In: Chen, Z. X., Chen, S. Y. and Dickson, D. W (eds) Nematology: Advances and perspectives, Vol II, nematode management and utilization. CABI Publishing, Cambridge.
Coolen WA, d, Herd CJ (1972) A method for the quantitative extraction of nematodes from plant tissue. Ghent Agriculture, Belgium, 77p.
Dhingra OD, Sinclair JB (1986) Basic plant pathology methods, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, Pp., 354.
Elsen A, Gervacio D, Swennen R, Waele D (2008) AMF- induced biocontrol against plant parasitic nematodes in Musa sp.: a systemic effect. Mycorrhiza (18): 251-256.
Gapasin RM (1995) Evaluacion de Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) samson para el control de Pratylenchus sp. in maize. Biocontrol 35-39.
Gowen SR, Edmunds JE (1973) An evaluation of some simple extraction techniques and the use of hydrogen peroxide for estimating nematode populations in banana roots. Plant Disease Reporter (57): 678-681.
Grabley S, Hammann P, Thiericke R, Wink J, Philipps S, Zeeck A (1993) Secondary metabolites by chemical screening.21 Clonostachydiol, a novel anthelmintic macrodiolide from the fungus Clonostachys cylindrospora. Journal of Antibiotics (46): 343–345.
Hallmann J, Sikora RA (1996) Toxicity of fungal endophyte secondary metabolites to plant parasitic nematodes and soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi. European Journal of Plant pathology (102): 155-162.
Hojjat Jalali AA, Ghasempour H (2006) Biological control of plant parasitic nematodes, progress, problems and perspectives (Compilation: Graham, R Sterking). Razi University of Kermanshah Publication, First Edition, 350p. (in persian).
Khan MW (1993) Nematode interaction. London. St Edmundcburry Press. Great British.
Leslie FJ, Summerell AB (2006) The Fusarium laboratory manual. Blackwell Publishing Asia, Carlton, Victoria, Australia 388p.
Loof PAA (1960) Taxonomic studies on the genus Pratylenchus (Nematoda). Plant Ziekten (66): 29-90.
Mirghasemi SN, Seraji A, Jamali S. Hosseinikhah Choshali A (2014) Reported some new species of plant parasitic nematodes from rhizosphere of tea plantation in Iran. International Journal of Biosciences 9(5): 37-46.
Morton CO, Hirsch PR, Kerry BR (2004) Infection of plant parasitic nematodes by nematophagous fungi – a review of the application of molecular biology to understand infection processes and to improve biological control. Nematology (6): 161-170.
Moosavi MR, Zare R (2012) Fungi as biological control agents of plant-parasitic nematodes, 67-107. In: Merrillon, J.M. & Ramawat, K.G. (eds.), Plant Defense: Biological control, progress in biological control.
Nassaj Hosseini M (2003) Study of interaction between four species of root and tea root lesion nematode. M. Sc. Thesis, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran. (in persian).
Pinochet J, Calvet C, Camprubi A, Fernandez C (1995) Interaction between the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus vulnus and the mycorrhizal association of Glomus intraradices and santa lucia 64 cherry rootstock. Plant and Soil (170): 323-329.
Samson RA (1974) Paecilomyces and some allied Hyphomycetes. Studies in Mycology (6): 1-119.
Sattar QAM, Umar DM (2011) Optimization of cultural conditions for protease production by Bacillus subtilis EFRL 01. African Journal of Biotechnology 10(26): 5173-5181.
Seraji A, Pourjam E, Tanhamaafi Z, Safaei N (2007) Biology and population dynamics of tea root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus loosi) in Iran. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology 43(1): 98-115.
Seraji A (2007) Biology and population dynamics of tea root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus loosi) in Iran and the possibility of its loss assessment on the host using epidemiological models. PhD Thesis, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, 208p. (in persian).
Sullivan RF, White JF (2000) Phoma glomerata as a mycoparasite of powdery mildew. Applied and Environmental Microbiology (66): 425-427.
Talavera M, Kenji ltou K, Mizukubo T (2001) Reduction of nematode damage by root colonization with arbuscular mycorrhiza (Glomus spp.) in tomato- Meloidogyne incognita (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) and carrot- Pratylenchus penetrans (Tylenchida:Pratylenchide) pathosystems. Applied Entomology (36): 387-392.
Tanhamaafi Z (1992) Report of root lesion nematode Pratylenchus loosi from the tea seeding imported from Japan. Iranian  Journal of  Plant Pests and Disease (60): 93-94. (in persian).
Tiyagi SA, Shamim A (2004) Biological control of plant parasitic nematodes associated with chickpea using oil cakes and Paecilomyces lilacinus. Indian Journal of Nematology (34): 44-48.
Timper P, Brodie BB (1994) Effect of Hirsutella rhossiliensis on infection of potato by Pratylenchus penetrans. Journal of Nematology 26(3): 304-307.
Van Dessel P, Coyne, Dubois T, De Waele D, Franco J (2011) In vitro nematicidal effect of endophytic Fusarium oxysporum against Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus goodeyi and Helicotylenchus multicinctus. Nematropica (41): 154–160.
Vos CM, Tesfahun AN, Panis B, De Waele D, Elsen A (2012) Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi induce systemic resistance in tomato against the sedentary nematode Meloidogyne incognita and the migratory nematode Pratylenchus penetrans. Applied Soil Ecology (61): 1-6.
Walker JT, Specht CH, Bekker JF (1966) Nematocidal activity to Pratylenchus penetrans by culture fluid from actinomycetes and bacteria. Canadian Journal of Microbiology (12): 347-351.
Whitehead AG, Heming JR (1965) A comparison of some quantitative methods of extracting small vermiform nematodes from soil. Animal Applied (55):25- 38.
Willson KC, Clifford MN (1999) Tea, cultivation to consumption. Chapman and Hall, London, UK., 768p.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics