Production and application of Trichoderma harzianum Tr6 for control of damping-off caused by Phytophthora drechsleri and growth promotion on cucumber

Document Type : Complete paper

Authors

Plant Protection Dept., College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj

Abstract

Trichoderma is one of the important biocontrol agents for certain plant disease that control with different mechanisms. This fungus similar to other biocontrol agents is under the influence environmently factors. Medium is one of these factors. This study was investigated effect of the medium (Mol.C.B.M.) containing Sugar beet molasses, Corn steep liquor, Baker’s yeast and Malt extract as the liquid medium and two solid media including: Wheat bran (W.b.) and Wheat seed (W.s.) on sporulation, biocontrol efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum Tr6 against Phytophthora drechsleri and growth promotion of the plant. The media were inoculated with 1ml of suspension containing 108 spores of the antagonist and were maintained in an incubator a light intensity of 206 Lux and at 28°C for 10 days. The medium Mol.C.B.M. of biomass had the most effect on sporulation (1.83×1010 spore/gdw), disease control (62.5%), height, fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots of the plant. But percentage inhibition was lesser than solid media at laboratory surveys.Therefore, the medium Mol.C.B.M. was efficient to encompass the objectives of this study.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

H (2013) Comparative evaluation of induced resistance by Trichoderma,fluorescent pseudomonads and their combination against fusarium stem and root rot of cucumber and expression of some defense genes. Ph.D., University of Tehran, Iran. (In Persian).
Altomare C, Norvell WA, Bjorkman T and Harman GE (1999) Solubilization of phosphates and micronutrients by the plant-growth promoting and biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum rifai 1295-22. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65: 2926-2933.
Bae H (2011) Trichoderma Species as abiotic and biotic stress quenchers in plants. Research Journal of Biotechnology 6.
Benitez T, Rincon AM, Limon MC and Codon AC (2004) Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. International Microbiology 4: 249-260.
Chaudhari PJ, Shrivastava P and Khadse AC (2011) Substrate evaluation for mass cultivation of Trichoderma viride. Asiatic Journal of Biotechnology Resources 4: 441-446.
Chang YC, Baker R, Kleifeld O and Chet I (1986) Increased growth of plants in the presence of the biological control agent T. harzianum. Plant Disease 70: 145-148.
Contreras-Cornejo HA, Macı´as-Rodrı´guez L, Corte´s-Penagos C and Lo´pez-Bucio J (2009) Trichoderma virens, a plant beneficial fungus, enhances biomass production and promotes lateral root growth through an auxin-dependent mechanism in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 149: 1579–1592.
Dennis C and Webster J (1971a) Antagonism properties of species groups of Trichoderma, III. Hyphal interaction. Transactions British Mycological Society 57:363-369.
Dennis C and Webster J (1971b) Antagonistic properties of species groups of Trichoderma production of volatile antibiotics. Transactions British Mycological 57: 41-48.
Gravel V, Antoun V and Tweddell RJ (2007) Growth stimulation and fruit yield improvement of greenhouse tomato plants by inoculation with Pseudomonas putida or Trichoderma atroviride: possible role of indoleacetic acid (IAA). Soil Biology and Biochemistry 39: 1968-1977.
Harman GE (2006) Overview of mechanisms and uses of Trichoderma spp. Phytopathology 96: 190-194.
Hwang J and Benson DM (2005) Identification, mefenoxam sensitivity, and compatibility type of Phytophthora spp. attacking floriculture crops in North Carolina. Plant Disease 89: 185-190.
Kleifeld O and Chet I (1992) Trichoderma harzianum interaction with plants and effects on growth response. Plant Soil 144: 267-272.
Lagzian A (2013) Optimization of growth conditious of Pseudomonas fluorescens VUPF5 for increasing its biocontrol ability. M.Sc., Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan. Iran. (In Persian).
Lawford HG and Rousseau JD (1997) Corn steep liquor as a cost-effective nutrition adjunct in high-performance zymomonas ethanol fermentations. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 63-65: 287-304.
Lewis JA and Papavizas GC (1983) Production of chlamydospores and conidia by Trichoderma spp. in liquid and solid growth media. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 3: 351-357.
Lewis JA and Papavizas GC (1991) Biocontrol of plant diseases: The approach for tomorrow. Crop Protection 10: 95-102.
Monga D (2001) Effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on spore germination, biomass production and antifungal metabolites by species of Trichoderma and Gliocladium. Indian Phytopathology 4: 435-437.
Monte E (2001) Understanding Trichoderma: between biotechnology and microbial ecology. International Microbiology 4: 1-4.
Morton AG (1961) The induction of sporulation in mold fungi, Proceeding of the Royal Microscopical Society 2: 548-569.
Papavizas GC and Lewis JA (1981) Introduction and augmentation of microbial antagonists for the control of soilborne plant pathogens, In: Papavizas GC (ed.), In Biological Control in Crop Production. Allanheld Osmun & Co., Totowa, New Jersey., pp. 305-322.
Qusley MA, Lynch JM and Whipps JM (1994) The effects of addition of Trichoderma inocula on flowering and shoot growth of bedding plants. Scientia Horticulturae 59: 147-155.
Radwan MB, Fadel AM and Mohammad IAM (2006) Biological control of Sclerotiorum rolfsii by using indigenous  Trichoderma spp. isolates from Palestine. Hebron University Research Journal 2: 27-47.
Ramanujam B, Prasad RD, Sriram S and Rangeswaran R (2010) Mass production, formulation, quality control and delivery of Trichoderma for plant disease management. Journal of Plant Protection Sciences 2: 1-8.
Rosane SC, Helder LSL, Gustavo ASP, Carlos ATG and Sueli R (2008) Effect of moisture on Trichoderma conidia production on corn and wheat bran by solid state fermentation. Food Bioprocess Technology 1: 100-104.
Sargin S, Gezgin Y, Eltem R and Vardar F (2013) Micropropagule production from Trichoderma harzianum EGE-K38 using solid-state fermentation and a comparative study for drying methods. Turkish Journal of Biology 37: 139-146.
Shirzad A, Fallahzadeh-Mamaghani V and Pazhouhandeh M (2012) Antagonistic potential of fluorescent pseudomonads and control of crown and root rot of cucumber caused by Phythophtora drechsleri. Plant Pathology Journal 28: 1-9.
Steyaert JM, Weld RJ, Mendoza-Mendoza A and Stewart A (2010) Reproduction without sex: conidiation in the filamentous fungus Trichoderma. Microbiology 156: 2887-2900.
Subash N, Meenakshisundaram M, Sasikumar C and Unnamalia N (2014) Mass cultivation of Trichoderma harzianum using agricultural waste as a substrate for the management of damping off disease and growth promoting in chili plants (Capsicumannuum L.). International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 5.
Verma M, Satinder KB, Tyagi RD, Surampalli RY and Valeró JR (2007) Starch industry wastewater as substrate for antagonist, Trichoderma viride production. Bioresource Technology 98: 2154-2162.
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PESTS AND PLANT DISEASES
Volume 3, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
October 2014
Pages 97-104

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics