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ارزیابی اثر آنتاگونیستی استرپتومایسس های ریزوسفر گندم در بیوکنترل پوسیدگی معمولی ریشه ناشی از Bipolaris sorokiniana

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گیاهپزشکی، کشاورزی، تهران، کرج، ایران

2 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

پوسیدگی معمولی ریشه و طوقه گندم با عامل Bipolaris sorokiniana از مهم‌ترین بیماری‌های گندم در جهان است. در این مطالعه 60 جدایه استرپتومایسس از ریزوسفر گندم جداسازی و به روش کشت متقابل در شرایط آزمایشگاه غربال شدند. جدایه‌های UTS22، UTS3 و UTS4 با 6/46، 6/45 و 42 درصد بیشترین میزان ممانعت را از رشد میسلیوم بیمارگر نشان دادند. اغلب جدایه‌های مورد بررسی به فعالیت‌های فیزیولوژیکی و آنزیمی نظیر کلنیزاسیون، تثبیت نیتروژن، حلالیت فسفات، آنزیم پروتئاز و کیتیناز نتیجه مثبت نشان دادند. به ترتیب جدایه‌های UTS3، UTS18 و UTS4 با 96/67، 3/61 و 63/54 درصد بیشترین میزان ممانعت را با تولید متابولیت‌های فرار از رشد میسلیوم بیمارگر نشان دادند. بررسی‌های گلخانه‌ای در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با استفاده از روش پوشش‌دار کردن بذر گندم با غلظت CFU/ml 108 سوسپانسیون جدایه‌های برتر انجام شد. بر اساس نتایج، جدایه UTS22 با 6/55 درصد بیشترین میزان کنترل بیماری را نشان داد و همچنین باعث افزایش معنی‌دار شاخص‌های رشد گندم در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد سالم شد. با توجه به نتایج شناسایی مولکولی بر اساس توالی 16S rDNA، جدایه UTS22 متعلق به گونه Streptomyces fulvissimus بوده و به عنوان جدایه برتر در کنترل بیولوژیک B . sorokiniana معرفی میشود.

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